Ibisobanuro:Gukoresha ibiryo birakenewe cyane mugutezimbere inganda z’amafi, kandi ubwiza bwibiryo bugena neza imikorere y’ubuhinzi bw’amafi.Mu gihugu cyacu hari inganda nyinshi zitanga ibiryo, ariko inyinshi muri zo ni intoki.Iyi moderi yumusaruro biragaragara ko idashobora guhaza ibikenewe byiterambere.Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere ryiterambere ryikoranabuhanga, gushimangira igishushanyo mbonera cyimikorere ya mechatronics ntishobora gusa kunoza imikorere nubwiza bwumusaruro wibiryo, ahubwo binashimangira kurwanya umwanda mubikorwa byumusaruro.Ingingo ibanza gusesengura uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya ibiryo bitunganijwe bishingiye ku guhuza mechatronics, hanyuma bigasesengura isesengura ryimikorere yumurongo utunganya ibiryo bishingiye ku guhuza mechatronics, bishobora gukoreshwa nkibisobanuro kubasomyi.
Ijambo ryibanze:kwishyira hamwe;Gutunganya ibiryo;Umurongo w'umusaruro;Igishushanyo cyiza
Iriburiro:Inganda zigaburira zifite umwanya ugereranije mubikorwa byubworozi.Kuzamura umusaruro w’ibiribwa birashobora kuzamura iterambere ry’inganda z’ubworozi kandi bigateza imbere iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’ubuhinzi.Kugeza ubu, gahunda yo gutanga ibiryo by’Ubushinwa iruzuye, kandi hariho inganda nyinshi zitanga ibiryo, ziteza imbere cyane ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa.Nyamara, urwego rwo kumenyekanisha umusaruro mu kugaburira ibiryo ni ruto, kandi imirimo yo kuyobora ntabwo ihari, bigatuma umusaruro ugaburira ibiryo ugereranije.Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere iterambere rigezweho ry’inganda zitanga ibiryo, birakenewe gushimangira ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga mu ikoranabuhanga n’ikoranabuhanga ryikora, kubaka umurongo w’ibicuruzwa bitunganyirizwa mu mashanyarazi, kuzamura imikorere myiza n’ubuziranenge bw’ibiryo, kandi biteza imbere iterambere inganda z’ubworozi mu Bushinwa.
1. Gukwirakwiza igishushanyo mbonera cyo gutunganya ibiryo bishingiye ku guhuza mechatronics
(1) Ibigize sisitemu yo kugenzura byikora kugirango igaburwe umusaruro
Muburyo bwo guteza imbere ubworozi, birakenewe cyane gushimangira kugenzura ubuziranenge bwibiryo.Kubera iyo mpamvu, Ubushinwa bwasohoye "Kugaburira Ubwiza bw’Umutekano n’Umutekano", busobanura neza ibikubiyemo n’umusaruro wo kugenzura ibiryo.Kubwibyo, mugihe uhinduye igishushanyo mbonera cyimikorere ya mechatronics, birakenewe gukurikiza byimazeyo amategeko n'amabwiriza kugirango ushimangire kugenzura ibyikora, duhereye kubikorwa nko kugaburira, kumenagura, no gukubita, Shimangira igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu, kandi icyarimwe, koresha tekinoroji yamakuru kugirango utezimbere ibikoresho, kugirango ukemure amakosa kunshuro yambere, wirinde kugira ingaruka kumikorere yibiryo, kandi ushimangire uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya ibiryo.Buri sisitemu ikora yigenga, kandi imashini yo hejuru irashobora gushimangira kugenzura sisitemu, kugenzura igihe nyacyo cyimikorere yibikoresho, no gukemura ibibazo mugihe cyambere.Mugihe kimwe, irashobora kandi gutanga infashanyo yamakuru yo gufata neza ibikoresho, kuzamura urwego rwimikorere yumusaruro wibiryo
(2) Igishushanyo mbonera cyibiryo byikora no kuvanga sisitemu
Birakenewe cyane kunoza ireme ryibigize mugikorwa cyo gutanga ibiryo, kuko ibiyigize bigira ingaruka kumiterere yumusaruro wibiryo.Kubwibyo, mugihe ushimangira igishushanyo mbonera cyimikorere ya mechatronics, tekinoroji ya PLC igomba gukoreshwa kugirango igenzure neza ibiyigize.Muri icyo gihe, abakozi bireba bagomba kandi kuyobora algorithm yo kwigira no gushimangira kugenzura ubuziranenge bwibikorwa, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 1. "Ubuziranenge bw’imicungire" buteganya uburyo burambuye bwibigize, harimo n’ibikorwa byo kuvanga mbere yo kuvanga bito ibikoresho n'ibipimo ngenderwaho kubikoresho binini.Mu murongo wa elegitoroniki yumusaruro uhuriweho, hagomba gukoreshwa uburyo bwihariye bwo gutegura ibikoresho binini kandi bito kugirango habeho kunoza neza ibiyigize no kugenzura ibyo bagaburira icyarimwe.Kugeza ubu, inganda nyinshi zitanga ibiryo zifite ibikoresho bishaje kandi zikoresha ibimenyetso bisa.Kugirango ugabanye ikiguzi cyo kugura ibikoresho, ibigo byinshi biracyakoresha ibikoresho byumwimerere mugukora, kongeraho gusa abahindura, no guhindura amakuru yumunzani minini na nto muri PLC.
(3) Igishushanyo mbonera cyo Gupakira no Gutwara Ibicuruzwa Byagaburiwe
Gupakira ibicuruzwa byarangiye kandi bifite umwanya ugereranije mubikorwa byo kugaburira ibiryo, bigira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye no gukora neza.Mubihe byashize, mugikorwa cyo gutanga ibiryo, muri rusange gupima intoki byakoreshwaga kugirango barangize imirimo yo gupakira nyuma yo kumenya uburemere, byari bigoye kwemeza neza ibipimo.Kugeza ubu, uburyo nyamukuru bukoreshwa ni umunzani wa elegitoroniki uhagaze hamwe no gupima intoki, bisaba imbaraga nyinshi z'umurimo.Kubwibyo, mugihe ushimangira igishushanyo mbonera cyimikorere ya mechatronics, PLC igomba kuba intandaro yo gushushanya uburyo bwo gupima byikora, guhuza umusaruro wibiryo no gupakira, no kunoza neza umusaruro wibiryo.Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 2, gupakira no gutanga sisitemu igizwe ahanini na sensor sensor, ibikoresho byapakira byikora, ibikoresho byohereza, nibindi. Igikorwa nyamukuru cya PLC nukugenzura gupakurura no gupakira.Iyo sensor igeze muburemere runaka, izohereza ikimenyetso cyo guhagarika kugaburira.Muri iki gihe, urugi rupakurura ruzakingurwa, kandi ibiryo byapimwe bizashyirwa mu gikapu, hanyuma bijyanwe ahantu hateganijwe hifashishijwe igikoresho cyohereza.
(4) Imigenzereze yingenzi yo kugaburira ibiryo byikora sisitemu yo kugenzura
Mubikorwa byo gutanga ibiryo, kugirango tuzamure umusaruro mwiza, birakenewe kandi gukora akazi keza mubikorwa bijyanye nubuyobozi.Inzira gakondo nugushimangira imiyoborere nintoki, ariko ubu buryo ntabwo bufite ubushobozi buke bwo kuyobora, ariko kandi bufite ireme ryubuyobozi.Kubwibyo, mugihe ushimangira igishushanyo mbonera cyimikorere ya mechatronics, birakenewe ko ushyira mubikorwa nyamukuru bigenzura sisitemu yo kugenzura byikora kugirango ushimangire imikorere nubuyobozi bwa sisitemu.Igizwe ahanini n'ibice bitandatu.Abakozi bireba barashobora kugenzura binyuze mumikorere nyamukuru yo kugenzura kugirango basobanure amahuza mugikorwa cyo gutanga ibiryo bifite ibibazo, cyangwa ayo masano afite amakuru nibipimo bitari byo, bigatuma umusaruro wibiryo ugabanuka, Iyo urebye ukoresheje interineti, kugenzura ubuziranenge birashobora gushimangirwa.
2. Isesengura ryimikorere yumurongo utunganya ibiryo bishingiye kuri mechatronics
(1) Menya neza ibiyigize neza kandi neza
Gushimangira igishushanyo mbonera cyumurongo wibyakozwe kugirango mechatronics ihuze irashobora kwemeza neza neza neza nibigize neza.Mubikorwa byo gutanga ibiryo, birakenewe kongeramo ibice bimwe na bimwe.Mubisanzwe, inganda zitanga ibiryo zipima intoki, kuzunguza no kuzuza, hanyuma uzishyire mubikoresho bivanga, bikaba bigoye kwemeza neza ibiyigize.Kugeza ubu, umunzani wibikoresho bya elegitoroniki urashobora gukoreshwa mugushimangira kugenzura neza, kugabanya ibiciro byakazi, ndetse no kuzamura ibidukikije by umusaruro.Nyamara, kubera inyongeramusaruro zinyuranye hamwe no kwangirika no kwiharira bimwe mubyongeweho, ibisabwa byujuje ubuziranenge bwibipimo bya mikorobe ni byinshi.Ibigo birashobora kugura umunzani wambere wibikoresho byo mumahanga kugirango bitezimbere neza neza nibisobanuro.
(2) Shimangira kugenzura amakosa yintoki
Mubikorwa gakondo byokugaburira ibiryo, ibigo byinshi bikoresha ibikoresho byintoki, bishobora kuganisha byoroshye kubibazo nko kongeramo ibikoresho bitari byo, ingorane zo kugenzura neza ibiyigize, hamwe nubuziranenge bwo gucunga neza umusaruro.Igishushanyo mbonera cyimikorere yumurongo wa elegitoronike irashobora kwirinda neza ko habaho amakosa yintoki.Ubwa mbere, ikoranabuhanga ryamakuru hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryikora ryakoreshejwe kugirango uhuze ibintu nibipakira muri rusange.Iyi nzira irangizwa nibikoresho byubukanishi, bishobora gushimangira kugenzura ubuziranenge bwibigize neza;Icya kabiri, murwego rwo guhuza ibiryo byahujwe, tekinoroji ya barcode irashobora gukoreshwa mugushimangira kugenzura ibirungo no kugaburira neza, birinda ko habaho ibibazo bitandukanye;Byongeye kandi, gahunda yo guhuriza hamwe umusaruro izashimangira kugenzura ubuziranenge kubikorwa byose byakozwe, bizamura neza umusaruro wibiryo.
(3) Shimangira kugenzura ibisigisigi byanduye
Mubikorwa byo gutanga ibiryo, inganda nyinshi zitanga umusaruro zikoresha indobo hamwe na U-shusho ya scraper convoyeur yo gutwara ibiryo.Ibi bikoresho bifite ibiciro byo gutanga amasoko no kubungabunga, kandi kubishyira mu bikorwa biroroshye, bityo bikundwa ninganda nyinshi zitanga umusaruro.Ariko, mugihe cyo gukora ibikoresho, hari umubare munini wibisigazwa byibiryo, bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye byanduye.Gushimangira igishushanyo mbonera cyumurongo woguhuza amashanyarazi birashobora kwirinda ko habaho ibisigazwa byibiribwa nibibazo byanduye.Muri rusange, sisitemu yo gutanga pneumatike ikoreshwa, ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gusaba hamwe nibisigara bike mugihe cyo gutwara.Ntibisaba koza kenshi kandi ntibitera ibibazo byanduye.Ikoreshwa rya sisitemu yo gutanga irashobora gukemura neza ibibazo bisigaye no kuzamura ubwiza bwibiryo.
(4) Shimangira kugenzura ivumbi mugihe cyo gukora
Gushimangira igishushanyo mbonera cyimikorere yumuriro wa elegitoroniki irashobora kongera imbaraga mukugenzura ivumbi mugihe cyibikorwa.Ubwa mbere, birakenewe gushimangira gutunganya uburyo bwo kugaburira ibiryo, ibirungo, gupakira hamwe nandi masano, bishobora kwirinda ibibazo byo kumeneka mugihe cyo gutwara ibiryo kandi bigatanga umusaruro mwiza kubakozi;Icya kabiri, mugihe cyo gukora igishushanyo mbonera, hazakorwa uburyo butandukanye bwo gukuramo no gukuramo ivumbi kuri buri cyambu cyo kugaburira no gupakira, kugera ku mukungugu no kugarura, no gushimangira kurwanya ivumbi mugihe cyo gukora;Byongeye kandi, muburyo bwiza bwo gushushanya, ingingo yo gukusanya ivumbi nayo izashyirwaho muri buri kintu cyuzuye.Mugukoresha ibikoresho byo mu kirere bigaruka, kugenzura ivumbi bizashimangirwa neza kugirango umusaruro wibiryo ube mwiza.
Umwanzuro:Muri make, tekinoroji yo gutunganya ibiryo mubushinwa iratandukanye muburyo bukomeye.Kugirango hamenyekane neza niba ibiyigize ari ukuri, bikemure ibibazo by’ibisigazwa by’ibiryo ndetse n’umwanda wanduye, birakenewe gushimangira igishushanyo mbonera cy’imikorere y’ibicuruzwa byahujwe.Ntabwo ari urufunguzo rwo gutunganya ibiryo no kubyaza umusaruro ejo hazaza, ahubwo birashobora no kuzamura neza urwego rw’umusaruro w’ibiryo, bigahuza ibikenewe na sosiyete mu gihe bizamura ubwiza bw’umusaruro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-08-2024